{"id":14940,"date":"2022-04-13T00:21:49","date_gmt":"2022-04-12T22:21:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/?page_id=14940"},"modified":"2025-12-12T13:05:46","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T12:05:46","slug":"reasonable-searches","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/projects\/reasonable-searches\/","title":{"rendered":"Reasonable Searches (2019-2023)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-ugb-container ugb-container ugb-8dda971 ugb-container--v2 ugb-container--design-plain ugb-main-block\"><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><div class=\"ugb-container__wrapper ugb-8dda971-wrapper\"><div class=\"ugb-container__side\"><div class=\"ugb-container__content-wrapper ugb-8dda971-content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns bs-news-page is-layout-flex wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column bs-kontakt-photo is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"x\" class=\"wp-image-14949\" srcset=\"https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-1320x880.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-24x16.jpg 24w, https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-36x24.jpg 36w, https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2022\/04\/1-144-of-195-48x32.jpg 48w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column bs-contact-right-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-bonasoft-modular-breadcrumbs-block\"><div class=\"bs_add_breadcrumb_trail\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-black-color has-css-opacity has-black-background-color has-background is-style-wide bs-border-kontakt\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading bs-naglowek-podstrony\"><strong>Reasonable Search. Between Effectiveness of Investigation and Rights of Individual<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>The project focuses on theory and practice of searches as mechanisms commonly used during criminal investigation and primarily aimed at discovery of evidence. Failures in conducting lawful and reasonable searches have direct impact on admissibility of evidence during trial. Moreover, searches significantly interfere with rights and freedoms of individuals guaranteed on the constitutional level, such as right to privacy, personal inviolability and inviolability of home. Due to the obvious conflict between these values, the aim of the project is to shape legal provisions concerning search in Poland and abroad in a way that will reconcile effectiveness of investigation and adequate protection against unreasonable searches and unlawful interference with individual\u2019s rights and freedoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The project uses the comparative method to provide an answer to question how the law on searches is currently regulated in various Continental and common law countries. Additionally, the analysis of the practice of conduct of search in Poland is carried on through the case file study and survey among practitioners. The case file survey concerns 1500 cases (thefts, illegal possession of drugs and robbery) covering nine district courts in Poland and three regional courts. The online survey among practitioners involves judges, prosecutors and police officers providing insight into various approaches towards search among those who apply the law on a daily basis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The outcomes of the project should lead to development of optimum model of search that guarantees appropriate proportions between public interest as expressed through effectiveness of investigation and constitutionally protected rights of individual.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-ugb-container ugb-container bs-news-page-under ugb-f8694ce ugb-container--v2 ugb-container--design-plain ugb-main-block\"><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><div class=\"ugb-container__wrapper ugb-f8694ce-wrapper\"><div class=\"ugb-container__side\"><div class=\"ugb-container__content-wrapper ugb-f8694ce-content-wrapper\">\n<p><strong>Information on project:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Primary Investigator: Karolina Kremens<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Team: Wojciech Jasi\u0144ski, Karol Jarz\u0105bek, Micha\u0142 Basa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Project duration: 2019-2023<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Granting institution: National Science Center (NCN Sonata BIS 8)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Project number: 2018\/30\/E\/HS5\/00338<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Amount: 561.498 PLN<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>List of most important publications:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kremens K., <em><a href=\"https:\/\/revista.ibraspp.com.br\/RBDPP\/article\/view\/412\/281\">The Authority to Order Search in a Comparative Perspective: A Call for Judicial Oversight<\/a><\/em>, Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, 2020, 6(3), pp. 1585\u20131626.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jarz\u0105bek K., <em><a href=\"https:\/\/forumprawnicze.eu\/wszystkie-numery\/97-2021\/numer-5-67\/446-karol-jarzabek-przeszukanie-osoby-a-badania-cielesne-oskarzonego-i-osoby-podejrzanej\">Przeszukanie osoby a badania cielesne oskar\u017conego i osoby podejrzanej z art. 74 k.p.k.<\/a><\/em>, Forum Prawnicze, 2021, 5, pp. 83\u2013102.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kremens K.,\u00a0<em>Limits of Powers of Public Authorities with Respect to Obtaining Evidence at the Stage of Investigation<\/em>, in:\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/wydawnictwo.uni.lodz.pl\/produkt\/rapports-polonais-xxie-congres-international-de-droit-compare\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rapports Polonais : XXI\u00e8me Congr\u00e8s international de droit compar\u00e9 = XXIst International Congress of Comparative Law, Asunci\u00f3n, 23\u201328.10.2022<\/a><\/em>\u00a0\/ ed. D. Skupie\u0144, B. Lewaszkiewicz-Petrykowska, \u0141\u00f3d\u017a: Uniwersytet \u0141\u00f3dzki. Wydawnictwo, 2022, pp. 311\u2013336.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kremens K.,&nbsp;<em>O znaczeniu prawa por\u00f3wnawczego dla nauki polskiego procesu karnego na przyk\u0142adzie przeszuka\u0144 telefon\u00f3w kom\u00f3rkowych<\/em>&nbsp;in book:&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.profinfo.pl\/sklep\/w-pogoni-za-rzetelnym-procesem-karnym-ksiega-dedykowana-profesorowi-stanislawowi-waltosiowi,189415.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">W pogoni za rzetelnym procesem karnym : ksi\u0119ga dedykowana Profesorowi Stanis\u0142awowi Waltosiowi<\/a><\/em>; ed. D. Szumi\u0142o-Kulczycka; Wolters Kluwer 2022, pp. 550-560.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basa M., Jarz\u0105bek K., <em>Praktyka prowadzenia przeszuka\u0144 w wypadkach niecierpi\u0105cych zw\u0142oki \u2013 przes\u0142anki i podstawa dowodowa przeszukania<\/em>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.profinfo.pl\/sklep\/przeglad-sadowy,7785,r,2023,nr,6.html#spis-tresci\">Przegl\u0105d S\u0105dowy 6\/2023<\/a>, pp. 5-67.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basa M., Jarz\u0105bek K., <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.czpk.pl\/index.php\/zeszyty-archiwum\/prokuratorska-kontrola-przeszukan\">Prokuratorska kontrola przeszuka\u0144 prowadzonych w sytuacjach niecierpi\u0105cych zw\u0142oki (analiza na podstawie bada\u0144 aktowych)<\/a><\/em>, Czasopismo Prawa Karnego i Nauk Penalnych Rok XXVII, 2023, XXVII(2), 5\u201334.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kremens K.,&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elgaronline.com\/display\/book\/9781789902990\/b-9781789902990.poland.xml\">Poland<\/a><\/em>, in:&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elgaronline.com\/display\/book\/9781789902990\/9781789902990.xml\">Elgar Encyclopedia of Crime and Criminal Justice<\/a><\/em>; eds. P. Caeiro, S. Gless, V. Mitsilegas, M. J. Costa, J. de Snaijer, G. Teodorakakou Cheltenham, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2024, pp. 1\u20137.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kremens K., <em><a href=\"https:\/\/brill.com\/edcollchap\/book\/9789004710320\/BP000013.xml\">Power to Search and Its Limits in Polish Criminal Investigations<\/a><\/em>, in: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/brill.com\/edcollbook\/title\/70701\">Limits of Freedom of Public Authorities with Respect to Obtaining Evidence at the Stage of Investigation. A Comparative Legal Study<\/a><\/em>, ed. M. Rogacka-Rzewnicka, Brill, 2024, pp. 182\u2013208.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jasi\u0144ski W.,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/gsp.ug.edu.pl\/index.php\/gdanskie_studia_prawnicze\/article\/view\/10720\"><em>O potrzebie zmian w regulacjach prawnych dotycz\u0105cych pozyskiwania informacji pochodz\u0105cych z no\u015bnik\u00f3w danych dla cel\u00f3w post\u0119powania karnego<\/em><\/a>, Gda\u0144skie Studia Prawnicze, 2024, (2)(63), pp. 56\u201371.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jarz\u0105bek K., <a href=\"https:\/\/www.profinfo.pl\/sklep\/przeszukanie-w-polskim-procesie-karnym,565623.html\"><em>Przeszukanie w polskim procesie karnym<\/em><\/a>, Wolters Kluwer Polska, 2024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jasi\u0144ski W., <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/20322844251393147\"><em>Search and seizure and the European Court of Human Rights: Ensuring effective protection at the domestic level<\/em><\/a>, New Journal of European Criminal Law, 2025, 16(4), pp. 474\u2013498.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reasonable Search. Between Effectiveness of Investigation and Rights of Individual The project focuses on theory and practice of searches as mechanisms commonly used during criminal investigation and primarily aimed at discovery of evidence. Failures in conducting lawful and reasonable searches have direct impact on admissibility of evidence during trial. Moreover, searches significantly interfere with rights [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":92,"featured_media":0,"parent":13129,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14940","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","menu-24x24":"","menu-36x36":"","menu-48x48":""},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"<p>Reasonable Search. Between Effectiveness of Investigation and Rights of Individual The project focuses on theory and practice of searches as mechanisms commonly used during criminal investigation and primarily aimed at discovery of evidence. Failures in conducting lawful and reasonable searches have direct impact on admissibility of evidence during trial. Moreover, searches significantly interfere with rights and freedoms of individuals guaranteed on the constitutional level, such as right to privacy, personal inviolability and inviolability of home. Due to the obvious conflict between these values, the aim of the project is to shape legal provisions concerning search in Poland and abroad in&hellip;<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"Uncategorized","author_info_v2":{"name":"kamil.sobanski@uwr.edu.pl","url":"https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/author\/kamil-sobanskiuwr-edu-pl\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Reasonable Searches (2019-2023) - Digital Justice Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Digital Justice Center was established as part of the \u201cExcellence Initiative \u2013 Research University\u201d program at the University of Wroclaw which is one of ten Research Universities in Poland.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/digitaljustice.uwr.edu.pl\/en\/projects\/reasonable-searches\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Reasonable Searches (2019-2023) - 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